Thyroid disorders are medical conditions that affect the function of the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck. The thyroid gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate the body's metabolism, energy levels, and overall development. When the thyroid does not function properly, it can lead to a variety of health issues.

There are several types of thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid), hyperthyroidism (an overactive thyroid), thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. Each condition affects the body in different ways, but they all stem from imbalances or abnormalities in thyroid function.