Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a condition where the arteries become narrow and hardened due to the buildup of plaque. This plaque is a combination of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.

When plaque accumulates along the arterial walls, it can hinder blood flow, leading to a range of cardiovascular problems. ASCVD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe and includes conditions such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease.