Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic illness that affects the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. It is characterized by the immune system attacking the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body. Eventually, the disease can cause permanent damage or deterioration of the nerves themselves.

Multiple sclerosis can manifest in various forms, with symptoms and progression varying widely among individuals. While some people may experience mild symptoms, others could face severe debilitation. Most commonly, MS follows a relapsing-remitting course, where symptoms flare up temporarily before returning to baseline.