Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a neurological disorder characterized by progressive weakness and impaired sensory function in the legs and arms. It is a chronic condition that is rooted in the immune system attacking the myelin sheath, which surrounds nerves. Without this protective covering, nerves cannot transmit signals effectively, leading to muscle weakness and sensory disturbances.

CIDP is considered an autoimmune disease, as it involves the body’s immune system mistakenly attacking its own tissues. It is often idiopathic, meaning that its cause is not known. CIDP can be a debilitating condition, but early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve quality of life.