Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time. The kidneys are essential organs responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood, which are then excreted in the urine. When kidney function declines, waste products and fluids can build up in the body, leading to various health problems.

CKD is often asymptomatic in its early stages and can progress silently for years. It's typically detected through routine blood and urine tests. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to slowing the progression and managing the complications associated with the disease.