Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may experience a range of symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles and high levels of male hormones (androgen excess). This condition can also lead to complications such as infertility, metabolic syndrome, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

PCOS is marked by the presence of multiple small cysts on the ovaries, which are detected via ultrasound. Despite its name, not all women with PCOS will have cysts, making it crucial to also consider other diagnostic criteria such as hormonal imbalances and irregular menstrual cycles.